A robot trained on videos of surgeries performed a lengthy phase of a gallbladder removal without human help. The robot operated for the first time on a lifelike patient, and during the operation, responded to and learned from voice commands from the team—like a novice surgeon working with a mentor.
The robot performed unflappably across trials and with the expertise of a skilled human surgeon, even during unexpected scenarios typical in real life medical emergencies.
I think “lifelike” in this context means a dead human. The robot was originally trained on pigs.
The article mentions that previously they used pig cadavers with dyes and specially marked tissues to guide the robot. While it doesn’t specify exactly what the “lifelike patient” is, to me the article reads like they’re still using a pig cadaver just without those aids.